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Publié le 10 août 2018 | Mis à jour le 10 août 2018

Mariel Elisa Galassi - l’Institut de Physique de Rosario (Argentina)

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The collaborative project aims to better control the physical dosimetry by a better description of the interaction of the ions with the material, and in particular with the constituent elements of the Ionization chambers. It will also have an impact on the descriptions of the dose deposited at the micro- and nanoscopic, essential descriptions for feeding the biological dose models developed within LabEx PRIMES.

This project is positioned within the framework of the development of innovative radiotherapies and in particular proton and light ion hadrontherapy. In radiotherapy generally, the effects of ionizing radiation are related to the radiation dose, which is defined as the energy absorbed per unit mass of the medium. The control of the tumor and the risk of complications depend strongly on the dose of irradiation, the planning of the care requires a precise knowledge of the absorbed dose.
According to the recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Measurements and Units (ICRU), the dose to the target volume in the patient must be delivered with an uncertainty better than 5%. In the case of ion irradiations, the uncertainties are greater because the physical processes responsible for the dose deposition are more complex and less well known. In addition, the biological dose, which is closer to the clinical effects, is calculated by the product between the physical dose (absorbed energy) and the relative biological efficiency (EBR). This last parameter depends not only on the quality of the radiation such as TLE (linear transfer of energy) and micro- and nanodosimetric parameters, but also on biological parameters (C Karger, O. Jäkel, H. Palmans and T. Kanai. Phys. Med. Biol 55 (2010) R193-R223).